New Changes to Google Ads Keyword Matching: What It Really Means

Google’s latest announcement may be the most confusing one yet. Not like it’s Display ad announcement where we’re left questioning why it was even announced and exactly what is different. But more so because it involves match types, which, between quotations and parentheses, exact matches and close variants, requires some brain gymnastics no matter how experienced you are.

So in this post, I'll be breaking down Google’s latest announcement into its main points:

1. BERT algorithm technology is now applied to Google Ads keyword matching.
2. Exact match logic will now be applied to broad and phrase match keywords.
3. New rules for factoring Ad Rank BUT ALSO relevancy to select keywords.

And then I'll share:

• What Google says it means for using multiple match types, and
• Why other PPC experts are begging to differ.

Here's what Google says

In its September 23 announcement, Google shared that it has made improvements to keyword matching technology as well as changes to rules on how it selects keywords in your account. 

As with any Google announcement (and to Google's defense, as any company will do), this one is framed positively. So, just like how...

• Taking away our dearly beloved modified broad match was "Making it easier to reach the right customers on Search," 
• Limiting search term report visibility was "Improving the search terms report while maintaining user privacy," and
• This one is "Matching the most relevant keyword to every search."

Google says the update is designed to help you:

• Maintain better control over which keywords match to a search, especially with broad match.
• Reduce account complexity by giving you more control over where traffic goes without the extra work of multiple match types.
• Ultimately allowing you to more easily attract more relevant and high-performing traffic using fewer keywords.

There are many aspects of the announcement that PPC experts disagree with, but we'll get into that later. 

For now, let's break down what Google is telling us in this announcement.

Point #1: BERT has improved broad match capabilities

The first point Google makes is that its BERT algorithm technology—used to interpret language, queries, and search intent—is now being applied to keyword matching behavior, making broad match in particular more effective.

Here's the example Google gives:

If someone searches a highly specific auto part like 1995 5 speed transmission seal input shaft, Google can now match that query to the broad match keyword auto parts.

An example of how BERT helps Google better match results to search intent. (Image source)

Point #2: Exactly matching broad match and phrase match keywords will now be preferred

To understand this point, you ned to know that prior to this announcement, the way matching logic would work is this:

Let’s say you have different variations of a keyword using multiple match types. If the search query is identical to those keywords, Google will prefer the exact match keyword you’re targeting (as long as it’s eligible to match).

With this update, if you don't have an exact match keyword that matches a query, but have broad or phrase match keywords relevant to the query, Google will prioritize the versions of those broad or phrase match keywords that exactly match the query. 

Here's the example Google gives:

If someone searches for sushi delivery near me and you’re targeting broad match sushi delivery and broad match sushi delivery near me, the exactly matching broad match keyword sushi delivery near me will be preferred—unless you’re targeting exact match sushi delivery near me, in which case that keyword will be served.

Point #3: You don’t need to use multiple match types for the same keywords

Again, this is only what Google is saying. What this means is, where you might previously have applied multiple match types to the same keyword, this is no longer necessary since if you have a broad match and phrase match keyword that exactly matches the query, it will be preferred.

Image source

In other words, you could just target the appropriate broad match keywords and get the same results as if you targeted the broad match, phrase match, and/or exact match version of that keyword.

Point #4: If you have relevant keywords that don’t exactly match the query, Ad Rank will not be the only deciding factor

The last point in the announcement tells us that if your keywords are relevant to a search query but none of them exactly match it, Google will not use just Ad Rank, but Ad Rank AND other relevance signals to determine the keyword it serves. “Other relevance signals” include the meaning and intent of the search term and the meaning of your targeted keywords based on their associated landing pages (thanks to BERT).

Here's the example Google gives:

If someone searches “quick sushi delivery near me” and you are targeting the phrase match fast sushi delivery and the broad match food delivery, Google will select the phrase match keyword because it’s more relevant—even if it has lower Ad Rank than the broad match keyword.

Google says, “These rules ensure that the most relevant keyword will always be prioritized, so you can more easily use broad match and still maintain control.” They provide the chart below to illustrate the new logic.

If you have multiple keywords relevant to a query but none exactly matching it, here's how Google will choose:

So what they're saying is that the new rules for keyword matching don't rely solely on Ad Rank, but relevancy as well, which, if you're puzzled by that (i.e., hasn't Google always matched to relevancy?) you're not alone. More on that in a bit.

Point #6: Google’s recommendations

Google then gives two main recommendations based on these improvements.

Create “thematically consistent ad groups” to have more control

Google suggests that you "group keywords into thematically consistent ad groups so your ads will serve from the ad group you expect them to.

So if you're a food delivery service and sushi and pizza are your most popular searches, you would create three ad groups:

• One ad group with creative and landing pages for sushi delivery.
• A second ad group with creative and landing pages for pizza delivery.
• A third ad group with creative and landing pages for food delivery.

Google says this will "give you more control over which keyword matches to a search, particularly when using broad match."

Use broad match with Smart Bidding

We have written in the past on using the same keyword with multiple match types to identify your highest performing keywords.

Google says that this  increased effectiveness of broad match can "reduce account complexity," and eliminate the “extra work” of using multiple match types to control where traffic goes in your account:

“Also note that when you use broad match with Smart Bidding, there’s no benefit to using the same keywords in multiple match types. Broad match already covers the same queries and improves performance with real-time bid optimization.”

Here's what others say

Here are a few reactions and resources from PPC experts on this update.

Amy Bishop: "Putting all your eggs in the broad-match-basket could increase CPL."

In her Search Engine Journal coverage, Amy Bishop explains that there still may be value in multiple match types for the same keyword, and recommends running small tests in your own account to draw your own conclusions:

"There’s still value in having multiple match types, in the sense that exact match should still match more tightly and therefore may attract better relevance than a broad match keyword. Putting all of your eggs in the broad-match-basket could lead to increased CPLs because that term could likely still match to other lesser-relevant terms, driving up the cost."

Julie Bacchini: "Have you not been matching the most relevant keyword to the query up until this point?"

Julie Bacchini shares much stronger feelings about this update in her post called Google Ads Updates Keyword Matching – AGAIN. Some sneak peeks:

• "I should assume that Google Ads will be smart enough to know whether I actually offer a “1995 5 speed transmission seal input shaft” on my site?"
• "If the term matches an exact or phrase keyword, that should be the only “relevance signal” that is needed, no?"
• "No mention of our friend the “close variant” specifically in here either, so how that plays in?"

Greg Finn: "This is horrid generic advice."

Greg Finn also responded with a counter blog post: Sorry Google, There Are Benefits to Using Multiple Match Types when Using Broad Match with Smart Bidding.

“I believe that this is a blanket statement that does not apply across all advertiser use-cases. True to Cypress North’s core pillars, I spoke out against and challenged this sweeping advice. “

He then goes on to provide four scenarios where it is beneficial to use multiple match types, even when using broad match with Smart Bidding.

Mark Bissoni: "Covering every variation of a query so you're eligible for exact match preference is a pain in the buttocks."

In Mark's Twitter thread, he lists out a number of closely related keywords and writes:

"This means we need very long keyword lists (using the same match type) to cover every which way a keyword could be typed."

Thread

Ginny Marvin: "There's no need to list out plurals, etc."

Ginny Marvin, Google Ads' product liaison responded to Mark's tweet saying:

"Close variants behavior isn’t changing, so there’s still no need to list out plurals, etc. (Agree, that would be a pain.) And exact match will *still* be preferred over the same KW set to phrase or broad match." 

She then links to Google's help article on close variants.

 

Susie Marino: "This is a wake up call for advertisers who have been too lazy about keyword clean up for too long."

Susie Marino says that she can understand where the pushback is coming from:

"I get where the pushback is coming from. Theoretically, as Julie said, this matching behavior should have been happening the whole time. This just seems like another unnecessary push for folks to use broad match. Plus, Google's example of an auto keyword matching up to a specific auto part search was weak. What if we actually don't want to match up to that?"

However she does agree that Smart Bidding would be helpful:

"However, Smart Bidding would be our savior in that case by (hopefully?) bidding less. Otherwise, I think this is a wake up call for advertisers who have been too lazy about keyword clean up for too long."

She also supports the concept of downsizing your keyword list:

"I have to give Google credit for encouraging the use of less keywords to get more. Many people already overlook the rule of close variants, which is a personal pet peeve of mine. There's no need for plurals or slight variations of your keyword. Use just the core terms you need to get your point across and you'll cut your optimization time in half."

Excessive keywords make things messy. While the shameless plug from Google on broad match and Smart Bidding isn't welcome, I think the lesson on downsizing your keyword list is helpful. At the least, this will have people reevaluating their search intent, and that's at least a step in the right direction."

Broad match tips

As Google pushes us more an more toward using broad match with Smart Bidding, you may find these resources helpful:

• How to Succeed in Google Ads without Modified Broad Match
• 4 Tips to Succeed Using Google Ads Broad Match (with Data!)
• The Pros and Cons of Every Automated Bidding Strategy in Google

What are your thoughts?

Hopefully you now have a better understanding on how match type behavior has changed, what Google means by "improvements" to broad match, and how other advertisers are interpreting it. What about you? What are your thoughts on this match type update?

* This article was originally published here

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